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Alva Belmont
Alva Belmont (January 17, 1853 – January 26, 1933), née Alva Erskine Smith, and known as Alva Vanderbilt from 1875 to 1896, was a prominent multi-millionaire American socialite and a major figure in the women's suffrage movement.〔 Known for having an aristocratic manner that antagonized many people,〔(【引用サイトリンク】work="biography.com" )〕 she was also noted for her energy, intelligence, strong opinions, and willingness to challenge convention. She was married first to William Kissam Vanderbilt, with whom she had three children, and secondly to Oliver Hazard Perry Belmont.
==Early life==
Alva Erskine Smith was born on January 17, 1853 in Mobile, Alabama to Murray Forbes Smith, a commission merchant, and Phoebe Ann Desha. Murray Smith was the son of George Smith and Delia Forbes of Dumfries, Virginia. Phoebe Desha was the daughter of US Representative Robert Desha and Eleanor Shelby, both originally from Sumner County, Tennessee.〔Patterson, Jerry E. ''The Vanderbilts.'', pages 120-121. New York: H.N. Abrams, 1989. ISBN 0-8109-1748-3〕〔〕
Alva was one of six children. Two of her sisters, Alice and Eleanor, both died as children before she was born. Her brother, Murray Forbes Smith, Jr. died in 1857 and was buried in Magnolia Cemetery in Mobile. Two other sisters, Armide Vogel Smith and Mary Virginia "Jennie" Smith, were her only siblings to survive into adulthood. Jennie first married the brother of Alva's childhood best friend, Consuelo Yznaga, Duchess of Manchester〔, Retrieved 17 July 2015.〕 Following a divorce from Fernando Yznaga in 1886, Jennie remarried to William George Tiffany.〔
As a child, Alva summered with her parents in Newport, Rhode Island and accompanied them on European vacations. In 1857 the Smiths left Mobile and relocated to New York City, where they briefly settled in Madison Square. When Murray went to Liverpool, England, to conduct his business, her mother, Phoebe Smith, moved to Paris where Alva attended a private boarding school in Neuilly-sur-Seine.〔 After the Civil War, the Smith family returned to New York, where her mother died in 1869.
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